Indications 

This medication is indicated for the treatment of hypertension, a condition that, if left unmanaged, can result in serious health complications such as stroke, myocardial infarction, and renal impairment. The formulation comprises two active pharmaceutical ingredients, namely, valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide.  

Valsartan is classified as an angiotensin receptor blocker, exerting its pharmacological effect by promoting vasodilation and increasing blood flow. Hydrochlorothiazide, on the other hand, functions as a diuretic, stimulating the production of urine and facilitating the elimination of excess water and salt from the body. 

Uses and Dosage 

The administration of this medication should be done orally, as per the physician’s recommendation, with or without food, usually once daily. In case of increased urinary frequency, this drug is advisable to take the medication at least four hours before bedtime to avoid disruptions during sleep. 

For individuals concurrently taking bile acid-binding resins, such as cholestyramine or colestipol, which are utilized to lower cholesterol levels, the medication should be taken at least four hours before or after the administration of these drugs, or as directed by a medical practitioner. 

The dosage of the medication is determined based on the patient’s medical condition and response to treatment. To derive maximum benefit from this medication, it should be taken regularly, preferably at the same time daily, and should not be discontinued even if the patient feels better. This is because individuals with high blood pressure may not experience any symptoms of illness. 

Side Effects 

There are several potentially severe side effects associated with the use of Diovan HCT, which include the following: 

• Lightheadedness 
• Swelling in the hands or feet 
• Rapid weight gain 
• Eye pain or vision problems 
• Skin rash 
• Pounding heartbeats or fluttering in the chest 
• Yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice) 
• Dry mouth or increased thirst 
• Drowsiness or confusion 
• Restlessness 
• Vomiting 
• Muscle pain or lack of energy 
• Fast heartbeats 
• Little or no urine output 

If any of these side effects are experienced, patients are advised to seek immediate medical attention. This is important to inform the healthcare provider of any concerning or unusual symptoms that may develop while taking this medication. 

Cautions 

Regular visits to a doctor are crucial to monitor the progress of treatment and ensure the medication is functioning appropriately. Physicians may need to perform blood and urine tests to detect any unwanted effects. 

Avoid using this medication while pregnant, particularly during the second or third trimester, as it can be harmful to the developing fetus. Effective birth control measures must be taken to prevent pregnancy while using this medication. If pregnancy is suspected, immediate medical attention is recommended, and the medication may need to be discontinued. 

Dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting may occur while using this medication, especially when standing up suddenly from a sitting or lying position. Patients are advised to assess their reaction to the medication before performing activities such as driving or operating machinery. If dizziness occurs, patients should lie down to avoid fainting and sit for a few moments before standing up to avoid the return of dizziness. If fainting occurs, medical attention should be sought immediately. 

Individuals should consult their physician if they become ill while taking this medication, particularly if experiencing severe nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea that persists. These symptoms may cause dehydration, leading to low blood pressure. Sweating during exercise or in hot weather can lead to dehydration, so drinking plenty of water is advised. 

Patients are advised to contact their doctor immediately if they experience blurred vision, difficulty reading, eye pain, or any other change in vision during or after treatment, as these may indicate a severe eye condition. An ophthalmologist may be referred by the physician to evaluate the eyes. 

This medication may alter blood sugar levels, causing changes in blood or urine glucose test results in diabetic patients. If patients have any concerns, they should consult their doctor.