Indications 

Glucophage is a prescription medication that, when used with proper diet and exercise, enhances blood sugar control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, a condition that impairs insulin utilization and blood sugar regulation. 

As a member of the biguanide drug class, Glucophage functions by restoring the body’s natural response to insulin while simultaneously reducing the hepatic glucose output and intestinal glucose absorption. 

Glucophage may be prescribed in combination with insulin or other medications; however, it is not intended for managing type 1 diabetes. 

Uses and Dosage 

Before starting treatment with Glucophage and with each refill, carefully review its patient information leaflet and medication guide. Consult your doctor or pharmacist if you have any inquiries or need clarification. 

Glucophage dosage may vary per individual based on their medical condition, concomitant medications, and response to therapy.  

Your physician may initiate treatment with Glucophage at a low dose and slowly increase it at 1-2 weeks intervals while closely monitoring your blood sugar levels to evaluate the drug’s efficacy. 

Typically, Glucophage is taken one to three times per day along with meals. It is recommended to stay adequately hydrated while taking this medication unless otherwise instructed by your physician. 

Take Glucophage exactly how it is prescribed. Refrain from taking more or less of it or more frequently than your doctor instructed. 

To maximize the efficacy of Glucophage, take it regularly around the same time(s) every day, even if you feel well. Consult your doctor before stopping the medication. 

Side Effects 

Potential side effects associated with the use of Glucophage are listed below. If there are any lingering or aggravating symptoms, promptly notify your doctor or pharmacist. 

Common Side Effects 

• Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) 
• Nausea 
• Upset stomach 
• Diarrhea 

Serious Side Effects 

• Unusual muscle pain 
• Feeling cold 
• Breathing difficulty 
• Dizziness or lightheadedness 
• Fatigue and weakness 
• Stomach pain 
• Vomiting 
• Slow or irregular heartbeat 

Contact your doctor immediately if any of the above severe symptoms are experienced. 

Allergic Reactions 

Although uncommon, a severe allergic reaction to Glucophage may occur. Seek medical assistance immediately if you experience symptoms such as: 

• Rash 
• Swelling or itching, particularly of the face, throat, tongue 
• Breathing difficulties 
• Severe dizziness 

The side effects of Glucophage listed here are not exhaustive. If any unmentioned side effects occur and cause discomfort, promptly inform your physician. 

Cautions 

Before taking Glucophage, inform your doctor and pharmacist of any allergies you may have, including allergies to metformin, other medications, or to any of the constituents present in this medication. 

Request a list of the ingredients from your pharmacist to ensure you are aware of all components present in Glucophage. 

To ensure Glucophage is safe for you, disclose your complete medical history to your physician or pharmacist, especially of: 

• Severe breathing problems (e.g. obstructive lung disease or severe asthma) 

• Blood problems (e.g. anemia or vitamin B12 deficiency) 
• Kidney disease 
• Liver disease 

Glucophage has been found to interact with 358 drugs. To prevent such drug interactions, disclose any current or anticipated use of prescription or non-prescription medications, dietary supplements, vitamins, and herbal products to your doctor and pharmacist. 

Discontinuation of Glucophage may be necessary before undergoing any intravenous dye-enhanced x-ray or CT scans due to the risk of lactic acidosis, a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by an excessive accumulation of lactic acid in the bloodstream. 

Adhere to your physician’s guidelines for using Glucophage if you are pregnant or become pregnant. High blood sugar can lead to complications for both the mother and baby during pregnancy, emphasizing the importance of diabetes control.  

Notify your physician of any pregnancy while taking Glucophage, as this medication may prompt ovulation in premenopausal women and heighten the likelihood of unintended pregnancy. Discuss your risk factors with your doctor. 

Consult your physician before nursing since metformin can pass into breast milk in negligible quantities.