Indications 

Zarontin is prescribed for managing absence (petit mal) epilepsy, a seizure disorder characterized by brief periods of impaired awareness, often accompanied by unresponsiveness and staring or eye blinking. 

As an anticonvulsant medication, Zarontin functions by regulating abnormal brain electrical activity that arises during seizures. 

Uses and Dosage 

Before starting treatment with Zarontin and with every prescription refill, carefully review the medication guide and patient information leaflet provided by your pharmacist. If you have any queries or concerns, do not hesitate to discuss them with your doctor or pharmacist. 

Zarontin dosage is determined by considering the patient’s age, medical condition, ethosuximide blood levels, and treatment response. For children, weight may also be considered. 

Initially, your doctor may prescribe this medication at a low dose, which will be gradually raised. Adhere strictly to your doctor’s dosing instructions. 

Typically, Zarontin is taken once or twice daily, without regard to food intake.  

For maximum effectiveness, consistently take this medication at the same time(s) daily.  

Consult your doctor before discontinuing Zarontin, as abrupt cessation of this medication can potentially worsen certain conditions. It may be necessary to taper off your dosage gradually. 

Side Effects 

Listed below are the potential adverse effects of Zarontin. Inform your doctor right away if any of them persist or deteriorate. 

Common Side Effects 

• Upset stomach, nausea, stomach pain, loss of appetite 
• Diarrhea, weight loss 
• Hiccups 
• Swelling in the tongue or gums 
• Headache, dizziness, difficulty concentrating 
• Fatigue 

Serious Side Effects 

• Fever, chills, flu-like symptoms, sore throat, extreme weakness 
• Confusion, hallucinations, unusual thoughts or behavior, extreme fear 
• Deterioration of seizures 
• Lupus-like syndrome: 
  • Joint pain 
  • Fever 
  • Swollen glands 
  • Muscle aches 
  • Chest pain 
  • Vomiting 
  • Unusual thoughts or behavior 
  • Patchy skin color 
• Signs of body inflammation:  
  • Swollen glands 
  • Flu symptoms 
  • Easy bruising or bleeding 
  • Severe tingling or numbness 
  • Muscle weakness 
  • Upper stomach pain 
  • Jaundice 
  • Chest pain 
  • New or worsening cough 
  • Difficulty breathing 
• Severe skin reaction:  
  • Fever 
  • Sore throat 
  • Facial or tongue swelling 
  • Eye burning 
  • Skin pain followed by widespread red or purple rash, blistering, and peeling (particularly on the face or upper body) 

Promptly contact your doctor if you experience any of the above-listed serious side effects. 

Notify your doctor of any emerging or exacerbated symptoms, including: 

• Alterations in mood or behavior 
• Anxiety 
• Panic episodes 
• Sleep disturbances 
• Impulsivity 
• Irritability 
• Agitation 
• Hostility 
• Aggression 
• Restlessness 
• Hyperactivity (mentally or physically) 
• Depression 
• Suicidal ideation 

Allergic Reactions 

In rare instances, Zarontin may cause a severe allergic reaction. Promptly seek medical attention if you notice any signs of allergic reactions, such as: 

• Hives 
• Difficulty in breathing  
• Swelling in the face, lips, tongue, or throat 

Not all side effects of Zarontin are included in this list. Tell your doctor of any additional side effects that may occur. 

Cautions 

Before starting treatment with Zarontin, inform your doctor if you have any known allergies, particularly to ethosuximide and methsuximide. 

Consult your pharmacist for further details on Zarontin, as it may contain inactive ingredients that may elicit allergic reactions or other complications. 

To ensure Zarontin is safe for you, disclose to your physician your medical background, especially if you have a history of: 

• Liver disease 
• Kidney disease 
• Mental/mood disorder (e.g., depression, psychosis) 

Some products may interact with Zarontin, including orlistat. To prevent such drug interactions, disclose to your healthcare providers all your medication usage, including prescription and over-the-counter drugs, vitamins, and herbal products. 

Inspect the labels of all your medications, including allergy or cough-and-cold items, as they may include sleep-inducing ingredients. Consult with your pharmacist regarding the safe utilization of these products. 

Inform your doctor or pharmacist about any medications or substances causing drowsiness you use, including: 

• Alcohol 
• Cannabis (marijuana) 
• Antihistamines (e.g., cetirizine, diphenhydramine) 
• Sleep or anxiety medications (e.g., alprazolam, diazepam, zolpidem) 
• Muscle relaxants 
• Opioid pain relievers (e.g., codeine) 

Suicidal thoughts can occur while using anticonvulsants like Zarontin. Regular check-ups with your doctor are essential, and your family or caregivers should be vigilant for any mood or symptom changes. 

The use of Zarontin may diminish cognitive abilities and responsiveness. Exercise caution when driving or participating in tasks that necessitate attentiveness. 

Zarontin should only be used when necessary during pregnancy. Consult with your doctor to evaluate the potential risks and benefits. 

Ethosuximide can transfer to breast milk and potentially harm a nursing infant. Inform your doctor if you are currently breastfeeding.